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Sticker Shock: The State Of The American Car Industry

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The quality of American cars got a lot better after the financial crisis. They got lighter, more efficient and more reliable. And the car business boomed.

But now they’re getting too expensive. Sticker prices for the SUVs and trucks that Americans love are high enough that manufacturers don’t have to sell as many vehicles to make money.

But that’s not going to last.

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'Protectionism Harms,' Says Former Ex-Commerce Secretary On Steel Tariff Decision

Steel tariffs aren’t a new idea. Former President George W. Bush briefly enacted steel tariffs. NPR’s Michel Martin speaks with former Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez about the consequences of steel and aluminum tariffs.

MICHEL MARTIN, HOST:

Members of President Trump’s administration have been out and about this weekend, promoting the president’s proposal to impose steep tariffs on imported steel and aluminum. There’s already been considerable pushback from members of their own party, who say that this proposal, which he announced suddenly last week, could trigger a trade war that will hurt American consumers. White House trade adviser Peter Navarro defended the president’s proposal this morning on “Fox News Sunday.”

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “FOX NEWS SUNDAY”)

PETER NAVARRO: First of all, the reason why the president is doing this is because if he doesn’t do this, we will lose our aluminum and steel – aluminum industry very quickly and our steel industry very quickly thereafter.

MARTIN: This weekend, we’ve been calling people with different perspectives on this issue. In a few minutes, we’ll hear from someone whose company relies on American steel. But first, somebody who was at the table the last time steel tariffs were in play, Carlos Gutierrez. He was confirmed as President Bush’s commerce secretary after steel tariffs were rolled back in 2002. Carlos Gutierrez was kind enough to come by our studios in Washington, D.C. Mr. Secretary, good to have you on again.

CARLOS GUTIERREZ: Thank you. Always a pleasure. Thank you.

MARTIN: So first of all, can I just ask your initial thoughts about President Trump’s proposal?

GUTIERREZ: I think it’s very unfortunate. It is a – the opening salvo to what could be a trade war. We’re talking about tariffs for all steel and all aluminum imports from everywhere in the world. And the justification for that is a national security mechanism that allows the president to claim that these imports are hurting national security. It’s hard to do that when you realize that the Department of Defense only consumes about 3 percent of what we produce and less if you take into account imports. Our biggest exporter or our biggest source of aluminum and steel happens to be Canada, who’s an ally. So it’s not as if though there is an obvious national security circumstance here, and that just makes the probability of retaliation a lot greater.

MARTIN: Well, let’s talk about a couple of those things that you mentioned. First of all, President Trump, as candidate Trump, has been talking about this for some time now, even before he was a candidate actually. So it’s a promise that he has been making, and he has seemed to imply that, you know, China is the source of this. But as you just pointed out, you know, the U.S. imports – what? – maybe 2 percent of its total imports from China.

GUTIERREZ: Oh, yeah, exactly.

MARTIN: So what would be the point, given that the majority of the imports come from – what? – like, Brazil, Canada, Germany?

GUTIERREZ: Exactly. It really is designed to protect U.S. steel and U.S. aluminum. That’s the theory. What we have learned over the years is that protectionism doesn’t protect. Protectionism actually harms. And this is so much bigger than steel and aluminum because what we’re doing is challenging the world trade system that we played an important part in bringing together. So that’s a problem.

MARTIN: Well, the president seems to agree with that. I mean, he said – he tweeted on Friday morning, for example. The president tweeted that, quote, “trade wars are good and easy to win.” What is your response to that?

GUTIERREZ: I would say trade wars are bad. No one wins. And they’re very difficult to stop. That’s what history has shown us. If we go back to the – probably one of the biggest economic mistakes we made in the 20th century was the Smoot-Hawley Tariff – ironically, also done by a Republican president. And the rationale was if we raise tariffs 25 percent, we will protect our industry. We will protect our jobs. And everything will be fine. What we didn’t expect is that everyone else around the world raised tariffs 25 percent, and the whole global economy went into a recession – actually a depression. So this is not good.

MARTIN: You know, on the other hand, this country has lost thousands of jobs in the steel industry. President Trump has been saying for years that something needs to be done here. If this is a bad idea, what’s the better idea to address that problem?

GUTIERREZ: Well, if there are actors dumping steel into our market or using their excess capacity to be able to do that, then we should be surgical about how we target as opposed to a blanket tariff. And the justification that it’s national security – we can use that justification for a lot of things. The world changes. The world moves on. Let’s remember that, one time, we had an agriculture economy. Yes, steel is important, but steel regrettably is not as important today as it once was. And when someone promises that we’re going to go back to a scenario that existed in the 1980s, I would be a little bit suspicious of that.

MARTIN: That’s former Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez. He was kind of to speak to us from our studios in Washington, D.C. Mr. Secretary, thank you.

GUTIERREZ: Thank you very much, Michel.

Copyright © 2018 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

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Ex-Google Recruiter Sues, Alleging Policies Discriminate Against White And Asian Men

A former Google employee is suing the company, alleging that hiring policies hurt white and Asian male applicants.

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Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP

Google is facing diverse diversity lawsuits.

A former employee is suing the company for allegedly discriminating against white and Asian male applicants as it tries to boost the number of black, Latino and female staffers.

Arne Wilberg worked for seven years as a recruiter at YouTube, which is owned by Google. His job was to court and hire candidates for engineering and technology positions. In court documents filed in January, he alleges Google’s “quota-based hiring practices” systematically instructed recruiters to “purge” eligible Caucasian and Asian candidates from potential hiring pools. He says they were told to favor applicants from underrepresented groups within the company. That meant interviewing only Hispanic, African-American or female job seekers.

California labor law prohibits employers from making job decisions based on characteristics like race or gender.

The lawsuit describes several instances in which Wilberg says he raised concerns with supervisors and human resources executives only to allegedly be retaliated against. Wilberg claims he and other recruiting team members were made to feel “completely uncomfortable and psychologically unsafe” reporting to their boss, a champion of the diversity policies.

He also alleges Google subjected him “to unsubstantiated performance reviews, performance criticisms and [terminated] his employment.” Wilberg was fired in November 2017.

The court documents recount alleged conversations wherein several employees complained to Google managers about the company’s diversity hiring practices. Although he maintains that Google favored minorities, Wilberg declares that “one recruiter told her peers that she felt the way the team talked about black people in team meetings was like we were talking about black slaves as slave traders on a ship.” In another encounter, Wilberg recalls, “One team member complained that managers were speaking about blacks like they were objects.”

Google has denied the company implemented discriminatory policies toward Caucasian and Asian men. In a statement to Gizmodo, the company said it “will vigorously defend this lawsuit.”

Google added:

“We have a clear policy to hire candidates based on their merit, not their identity. At the same time, we unapologetically try to find a diverse pool of qualified candidates for open roles, as this helps us hire the best people, improve our culture, and build better products.”

Wilberg’s lawsuit is the latest legal attack on Google and its workplace culture.

Just Thursday, Gizmodo reported that a former female software engineer had filed a lawsuit accusing the company of condoning a “bro-culture” that encouraged sexual harassment and turning a blind eye to harmful pranks and physical violence.

In January a woman named Heidi Lamar sued the company on charges that women working as preschool teachers in Google’s child care center were paid lower salaries than male counterparts who had fewer qualifications.

Wilberg’s lawsuit is also the second asserting that the tech giant discriminates against white men. James Damore, who was fired after criticizing Google’s diversity efforts, filed a class-action lawsuit against the company in January. He claimed Google’s top brass discriminated against conservative men.

Finally, a Department of Labor official has also accused Google of practicing “systemic” discrimination against female employees.

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Georgia Lawmakers Punish Delta Air Lines Over NRA Feud

A Delta Air Lines flight takes off from Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta in January of last year.

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David Goldman/AP

Republican lawmakers in Georgia made good on a threat to eliminate a proposed tax break for Atlanta-based Delta Air Lines, after the carrier declined to reverse a decision to cut ties with the National Rifle Association.

Earlier this week, Delta — the state’s largest private employer with 33,000 workers statewide — was among numerous companies to announce that it would end discounts for NRA members in the wake of the mass shooting that killed 17 people at a Parkland, Fla., high school.

Immediately afterward, Georgia’s Lt. Gov. Casey Cagle, a Republican and staunch NRA ally, said he would “kill” legislation to give the airline a sales tax exemption on jet fuel. The proposal, estimated to be worth at least $38 million to Delta and other airlines, had until then been largely uncontroversial.

I will kill any tax legislation that benefits @Delta unless the company changes its position and fully reinstates its relationship with @NRA. Corporations cannot attack conservatives and expect us not to fight back.

— Casey Cagle (@CaseyCagle) February 26, 2018

Ignoring warnings that taking on Delta could harm the state’s pro-business image, the GOP-controlled House, which had earlier approved a larger tax bill containing the exemption, voted 135-24 on Thursday for a new version stripped of the provision. Meanwhile, some experts have raised First Amendment concerns over the legislature’s punitive move.

House Speaker David Ralston, a Republican, made it clear that there was a direct link between the vote and the NRA controversy: “I hope they are better at flying airplanes than timing P.R. announcements,” he said.

The Senate passed the tax cut bill 44-10.

Republican Gov. Nathan Deal, who called the Delta controversy an “unbecoming squabble,” said he would sign the broader tax measure.

Lt. Gov. Cagle is widely seen as Deal’s successor. In a statement, he said: “Businesses have every legal right to make their own decisions, but the Republican majority in our state legislature also has every right to govern guided by our principles.”

Delta did not immediately comment on the votes, but the controversy has prompted several states in recent days to lobby the airline to relocate its headquarters.

Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam, a Democrat, tweeted Tuesday: “Hey [Delta] —Virginia is for lovers and airline hubs. You’re welcome here any time.”

Hey @delta—Virginia is for lovers and airline hubs. You’re welcome here any time. https://t.co/BxxnOhEpt6

— Ralph Northam (@GovernorVA) February 27, 2018

The governors of Connecticut and New York, also Democrats, have also pitched their states to the airline, according to The Associated Press, which says the mayor of Birmingham, Alabama, and a congressional representative from Ohio “also have reached out to Delta in recent days.”

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Walmart Announces It Will No Longer Sell Guns, Ammunition To Anyone Under 21

Walmart, the largest retailer in the U.S., announced it will stop selling guns and ammunition to anyone under 21. The decision comes on the same day that Dick’s Sporting Goods said it would stop selling military-style semi-automatic rifles and high-capacity magazines, as well as guns to anyone under 21.

ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

Since the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Florida two weeks ago, a number of companies have taken a position in the debate over guns. Many severed ties with the National Rifle Association.

AILSA CHANG, HOST:

Today Walmart said it would raise the age to buy guns and ammunition to 21. That decision came the same day Dick’s Sporting Goods announced it’s no longer selling assault-style rifles like the one used in the high school shooting at any of its stores. That includes all Dick’s stores and Field & Stream stores. It’s not selling high-capacity magazines either, and it’s also setting a minimum age of 21 to buy other firearms.

SHAPIRO: CEO Ed Stack went on ABC’s “Good Morning America” to explain why.

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, “GOOD MORNING AMERICA”)

ED STACK: We’re staunch supporters of the Second Amendment. I’m a gun owner myself. But we’ve just decided that based on what’s happened and with these guns, we don’t want to be a part of this story. And we’ve eliminated these guns permanently.

SHAPIRO: Some customers today cheered the move. We caught up with Christina Reveir in Boise, Idaho.

CHRISTINA REVEIR: You know, I grew up around guns, and my family has guns. But I definitely don’t think that anyone needs an assault rifle.

CHANG: Others said the company’s announcement wouldn’t stop violent crime. Here’s Bruce Dickinson in Elmira, N.Y.

BRUCE DICKINSON: You can put down on paper anything you want. Somebody wants to get a gun, they’re going to get a gun. If they’re out there, they can find it. They can get it.

SHAPIRO: And other Dick’s customers shrugged. Todd Jameson of Macon, Ga., says he has lots of guns, including multiple assault-style rifles. But…

TODD JAMESON: It’s their opinion. It’s their store. If they want to carry them, great. If not, that’s up to them.

CHANG: Joining us now to talk about these developments today is NPR’s Uri Berliner. Hey, Uri.

URI BERLINER, BYLINE: Hi, Ailsa.

CHANG: So I want to start with this move by Walmart. Do you think Dick’s Sporting Goods’ announcement this morning pressured Walmart to act the very same day?

BERLINER: Well, it’s certainly notable that they did it on the same day. They could have done this at any other time.

CHANG: Sure.

BERLINER: But they did it today right after this very dramatic announcement by Dick’s Sporting Goods this morning.

CHANG: But the news about Walmart is in a way a bigger deal because it has the power to move the market in a way that Dick’s does not, right?

BERLINER: Yeah. I mean, Walmart – whenever Walmart does something, people pay attention. It’s the biggest retailer in America. Walmart has hundreds and hundreds of stores. People shop in Walmart every day. When Walmart speaks, people pay attention. And it’s notable.

CHANG: We should note that three years ago, Walmart had already ended its sales of modern sporting rifles, including the AR-15. Why was that? Why did it do that three years ago?

BERLINER: Well, they said they did it because of softening demand and that they were going to sell more hunting rifles and those kinds of things. But Walmart was also under pressure from a shareholder to stop selling those kinds of assault-style rifles.

CHANG: All right, I want to get to Dick’s Sporting Goods’ announcement, too. After Sandy Hook, Dick’s removed all assault-style rifles from its main stores, but they just ended up selling those guns at Field & Stream stores, which they own. Today, however, Ed Stack, the CEO of Dick’s – he said that the changes that they are making today are going to be across the company and permanent. Why do you think the Parkland shooting was the tipping point and not Sandy Hook?

BERLINER: Well, he directly said that it was about the kids and their response to this horrific violence and their response to gun violence in general. You know, what he said – when we take a look at those kids and the parents and the heroes in the school, what they did, our view was if the kids can be brave enough to organize like this, we can be brave enough to take these out of here. He also said about the kids, we heard you. The nation has heard you.

CHANG: Stack had also said this morning that Dick’s is ready for a backlash. I mean, do you think they should be expecting a backlash from the gun rights side?

BERLINER: That’s likely. Today, though, if you were – they were looking for an investor backlash, they didn’t get it. Dick’s stock price closed up a bit today. So it wasn’t like investors were saying, this company is in a lot of trouble; were selling. That didn’t happen.

CHANG: If that’s the case – that Dick’s maybe doesn’t ultimately see a huge financial loss because of the decision today, are these decisions by both Walmart and by Dick’s business-driven decisions, meaning what’s good politically is ultimately fine for business?

BERLINER: It’s hard to say really what the primary motivation is, but corporate CEOs don’t do things that materially harm their company financially. They just don’t do that. We don’t know exactly how much of Dick’s revenues, its sales come from the sales of firearms. It’s certainly less than half – significantly less than half and assault-style rifles much less than that. So those sales probably aren’t going to have a big impact on the overall bottom line of the company. The question is, is there going to be a backlash from customers, from customers who are NRA members? That’s the key thing.

CHANG: All right, that’s NPR’s Uri Berliner. Thank you, Uri.

BERLINER: Thank you, Ailsa.

CHANG: And special thanks to member station WSKG, Boise State Public Radio and Georgia Public Broadcasting for contributing to this report.

Copyright © 2018 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

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Amazon Acquires Ring, Expanding Reach Into Home Security

Amazon acquired Ring, a video doorbell maker, on Tuesday, marking another foothold in the home security and surveillance business for the company.

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Paul Sakuma/AP

Amazon really wants to come over to your house. Or at least make it to the front door.

The Seattle-based tech giant announced Tuesday it’s made another move into the home security and surveillance business, acquiring Ring, a smart-doorbell maker that streams audio and video to cellphones.

Neither company has released details about the deal but Reuters reported that it cost over $1 billion.

Amazon may have just officially put a ring on Ring, but the relationship between the two started through its Alexa Fund, which funnels money into companies that create new ways to integrate Amazon’s voice technology into their products. In June, Ring announced they’d figured out how to connect select devices to work with Alexa on Echo Show and Fire TV.

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Ring YouTube

Two months ago Amazon also snapped up Blink, another maker of Wi-Fi-connected security cameras that has recently ventured into the video doorbell industry, according to TechCrunch.

But Amazon is not just leaving it up to other companies to watch what’s going on at your front door. In November, it debuted a new home security camera called Cloud Cam that comes with Amazon Key, an app that lets some Amazon Prime members grant service providers — including dog walkers, house cleaners and delivery companies — keyless entry into homes.

The Key app was supposed to be the online retailer’s solution to widespread theft of delivery packages that online shoppers have been complaining about. Instead, GeekWire reported customers are creeped out by the technology, worrying that it might be vulnerable to hacking.

I call this the “Break & Enter dropbox” and it pairs well with my Amazon Key (smartlock & smartcam combo).

It’s all current software. Amazon downplayed the last attack on this product because it needed an evil delivery driver to execute. This doesn’t. pic.twitter.com/35krz46Kab

— MG (@_MG_) February 4, 2018

Just last week, ZDNet reported Amazon implemented a second fix to a bug that let intruders with fairly simple technology bypass the smart lock.

Still, at $119 the Cloud Cam is much cheaper than Amazon’s leading competition, the $199 Google Nest Cam.

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Georgia's Lt. Gov. Threatens To Kill Tax Break For Delta Airlines Amid NRA Spat

A Delta Air Lines jet sits at a gate at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, in October 2016.

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David Goldman/AP

Georgia’s lieutenant governor has threatened to block a proposed tax break for Delta Airlines unless the Atlanta-based carrier restores a discount program for National Rifle Association members that was pulled in the wake of the shooting in Parkland, Fla., earlier this month.

In the latest fallout from the mass shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School that killed 17 people, Republican Lt. Gov. Casey Cagle said he would “kill” legislation to give the airline a sales tax exemption on jet fuel “unless the company changes its position and fully reinstates its relationship with” the powerful gun-rights advocacy group.

“Corporations cannot attack conservatives and expect us not to fight back,” Cagle said.

I will kill any tax legislation that benefits @Delta unless the company changes its position and fully reinstates its relationship with @NRA. Corporations cannot attack conservatives and expect us not to fight back.

— Casey Cagle (@CaseyCagle) February 26, 2018

In an earlier tweet, Cagle — who has earned an “A+” rating from the NRA every year since he assumed elected office and has been endorsed by the group – criticized corporations who cut ties with the NRA, calling on them instead to “donate a portion of [their] profits to mental health treatments and school safety initiatives.”

Discriminating against law-abiding gun owners will not solve the problem #2A#gapolpic.twitter.com/DqR6PePBd7

— Casey Cagle (@CaseyCagle) February 25, 2018

Cagle is a leading candidate to succeed Gov. Nathan Deal.

In a statement on Saturday, Delta said it was “reaching out to the NRA to let them know we will be ending their contract for discounted rates through our group travel program.”

Delta is reaching out to the NRA to let them know we will be ending their contract for discounted rates through our group travel program. We will be requesting that the NRA remove our information from their website.

— Delta (@Delta) February 24, 2018

As The Associated Press notes:

“Cagle’s comments come as Delta, one of the Georgia’s largest employers, appeared close to convincing lawmakers to restore a $50 million sales tax exemption on jet fuel. Headquartered in Atlanta, Delta would be the prime beneficiary of the tax cut.

The proposed exemption had been part of Deal’s larger tax overhaul, which has passed the House and awaits Senate input.”

United Airlines made a similar announcement on the same day as Delta.

United is notifying the NRA that we will no longer offer a discounted rate to their annual meeting and we are asking that the NRA remove our information from their website.

— United Airlines (@united) February 24, 2018

The airline is among numerous high-profile companies to cut discounts from NRA members in recent days, including car rental companies such as Alamo, Avis, Enterprise, Hertz and First National Bank, Symantec, MetLife and others. Meanwhile, the hashtag #boycottNRA has been trending.

According to the AP:

“Cagle was not alone in his push to punish the airline, and the issue appeared poised to become part of the upcoming gubernatorial race in the gun-friendly state.

Sen. Michael Williams, another Republican candidate for governor who had opposed the Delta tax cut before the NRA controversy, praised Cagle’s statement, saying his political rival ‘is feeling the pressure that we are putting on him.’ He applauded Cagle for listening to what he says is the ‘vast majority’ of Republican senators who now want to quash the proposed jet fuel tax cut.”

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Boom In Antler Pet Chews May Have Opened A Black Market

Moose and caribou antlers sit in a corner of the Alaska Fur Exchange in Anchorage. These large, high-quality antlers are unlikely to be cut down into pet chews and are mostly purchased by collectors.

Zachariah Hughes/Alaska Public Media

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Zachariah Hughes/Alaska Public Media

Three weeks after he mounted them on the front of his garage, Jeff Young found his prized antlers were literally ripped off.

“I think they just hung on them,” Young says of the thieves, pointing up at the empty drill holes on the garage’s façade one gray morning in Anchorage this winter.

“They were up on this six-foot ladder, as far as they could get, and then just pulled them down,” Young says.

He found the ladder, taken from a nearby construction site, near his garage the next morning.

“It sucks getting stuff stolen,” Young says. “Doesn’t matter what it is.”

In this case, it was two large racks of moose antlers. Young and other hunters see antler theft as growing problem — one connected to the pet industry.

After the theft in July of 2016 Young tried tracking the antlers down. They held sentimental value; the larger set of antlers came from the first moose he had successfully hunted. The set had a distinctive feature he was sure would help it be identified: A bullet hole right through the center where he’d landed his shot.

Young filed a police report, scoured social media, and called a few merchants offering to buy, but to no avail. It wasn’t until later that he found other hunters griping to one another and on neighborhood groups like Nextdoor about the same thing happening to them.

“I started hearing more stories from other friends that are hunters: ‘Yeah, I had a pile by the shed, been there 10 years, all gone,’ ” Young says. “Another guy was like, ‘Yeah, I always threw them on the roof, come home one day, all gone.’ ”

The demand driving this theft, hunters believe, is the pet store trend of selling strips of antler as dog chews.

Loose regulation, high demand

Boxes of deer, caribou, and moose antlers are sold at the Alaska Fur Exchange in Anchorage, some as pet chews, others as souvenirs or material for crafts.

Zachariah Hughes/Alaska Public Media

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Zachariah Hughes/Alaska Public Media

At a Capitol Hill pet store in Washington, D.C. called Howl to the Chief, clerk Vincent Ford extols the benefits of antler: It’s got healthy minerals, lasts a long time, and is particularly good for canine oral health.

“It takes off the plaque and the tartar by them chewing on it, so this is a good treat for that, too,” Ford says. Antler is just one of the popular organic chew products sold to pet owners. It’s a growing share of the booming pet supply industry, which last year saw more than $69 billion in sales, according to the American Pet Products Association.

Ford carries pricier organic chews, like lamb and cow tails. The store stocks horns from goat and bison, too. Hand-length shards of deer and elk antler are on the more affordable side. But the expense and popularity has regular customers getting entrepreneurial in the hunt for antlers out in the wild.

“A lot of people actually have [started] to get their own antlers now,” Ford says. “This lady tells me she goes to Alaska and just takes a trash bag and does it.”

Online, pet supply companies will sell a six-inch chunk of elk antler for $15, marked as organic and “naturally shed,” a designation that implies they were collected after being dropped by the animal during a seasonal molt. An Alaska-based business offers single caribou antler chews for large-breed dogs at $23. Amazon Prime members can get a thick slice of moose antler for $30.

Any link between pet chews and stolen antlers is hard to prove, largely because there is little data or monitoring over the source material and complicated supply chain.

The Anchorage Police Department has a record of 14 antler thefts in 2017 but Deputy Communications Director Nora Morse suspects that number is under-reported. Police in Alaska also cannot definitively say whether antler theft is on the rise. A burglarized home-owner might not specify for a police report that moose or caribou antlers were among the possessions stolen from a home.

But hunters and horn merchants believe the thefts are being carried out by low-level criminals trying to make a fast buck by unloading antlers that are eventually sold to larger pet supply companies. Unscrupulous buyers can easily cut the antlers and horns into small chunks with a table or band saw, making the source material all but impossible to trace. The issue is framed as a subset of Anchorage’s worsening property crime, which municipal and law enforcement officials attribute in part on the state’s opioid epidemic.

The market for antler chews, particularly on the supply side, is very loosely regulated. While animal products meant for consumption have to meet certain safety criteria of the Food and Drug Administration, the pet supply industry falls under a murky mix of federal, state, and industry standards. Nationally, the Association of American Feed Control Officials, a volunteer group with no regulatory authority, develops model guidelines for pet foods. That organization’s website names their state counterpart in Alaska as the Division of Agriculture, but Lora Haralson with the division wrote in an email that they do not regulate or have requirements for these kinds of pet products.

Multiple pet supply companies contacted for this story either declined to comment or offered general remarks that sourcing quality standards are ensured.

So it can be up to individual buyers to determine if a moose antler was legally obtained.

Cash for antlers

“If a guy comes in and he looks like a hunter and he talks like a hunter then you get a pretty good feel for it,” says Gus Gillespie from behind the counter at the Alaska Fur Exchange.

Gillespie got into the horn and hide trade several decades ago after years with the Navy and as an engineer in the oil fields on Alaska’s North Slope. Now he and his wife run the Fur Exchange, where on any given day, just past the rows of wolf and opossum pelts, are piles of antlers jumbled up like waist-high tumbleweeds. On the ground are plastic bins filled with spiky tines and plates sawed down into palm-sized strips. It is an astounding volume of animal matter.

“As far as antler, it’s either crap and we don’t want it, or it’s really, really nice,” Gillespie says with a laugh.

The four or five years since antler chews have become more popular with his customers have been good for Gillespie’s business. Instead of trading predominantly in the large, high-end antlers favored by artisans and collectors, the store can now buy more medium-sized products to cut down into the chews they stock in baskets by the register.

But he has turned sellers away if he thinks the source material might have been illegally obtained. Gillespie points to the pervasive presence of substance abuse, and says he and his staff look for whether a person seems drunk, high, or in withdrawal as they assess a potential purchase.

“If it’s questionable, we don’t do anything with it for a while,” he says. They might tell someone to come back in a few hours, pulling images of the person or their license plate from the numerous security cameras mounted around the store, sharing the information with police.

“We have been instrumental in a lot of people getting caught,” Gillespie says.

But anyone he turns away can just go to Craigslist—where every day in Alaska, plenty of people promise in all caps to pay up to $50 a pound in cash for antlers. And once they’re cut down into the small chunks sold over the counter, nobody can really say whether they were stolen or not.

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Poll: Where Americans Draw Lines On Workplace Behavior

The #MeToo movement has brought a fresh examination of workplace behavior. A new NPR-Ipsos poll found little tolerance for a broad range of behaviors — from gossip to unwanted touching.

SARAH MCCAMMON, HOST:

People are reconsidering what behaviors are OK in the workplace and which are inappropriate with the Me Too movement taking hold over the last few months. NPR joined up with Ipsos to poll Americans on where they draw the line and what they’ve experienced at work. NPR’s Danielle Kurtzleben has been looking at the results. She joins us now. Hi, Danielle.

DANIELLE KURTZLEBEN, BYLINE: Hello.

MCCAMMON: So there’s been a lot of talk about gray areas in the midst of the Me Too movement. What’s OK, what’s not OK, what’s in between?

KURTZLEBEN: Right.

MCCAMMON: Give me a sense of what this poll found.

KURTZLEBEN: So, we asked people about a dozen workplace behaviors, you know, from unwanted touching to just asking about a co-worker’s social life. And on a lot of these, a majority of people thought that those behaviors were inappropriate on balance. The behaviors that people thought were the most inappropriate were deliberate touching but also some things we don’t hear about in this Me Too cultural moment right now, things like gossiping or speculating about your co-worker’s sexual preference. And meanwhile, at the other end of the spectrum, what the fewest people thought was inappropriate in all of the things that we asked was a co-worker asking a co-worker of equal rank out on a date. But even then, 30 percent of people said that was inappropriate.

MCCAMMON: So how pervasive did people think that these kinds of behaviors are at work?

KURTZLEBEN: On a lot of these, quite pervasive. You know, we asked people if they had seen these things happen in the workplace and even some things that people saw as very inappropriate like telling sexual stories or jokes or calling an adult female in the workplace babe or sweetie or, you know, some iteration of that. A majority of people said they had seen those things at work even though around 8 or 9 in 10 people thought those things were inappropriate. Likewise, about half of people have seen their co-worker discussing each other’s sexual preferences or history. And about a third say they have seen deliberate touching or leaning or cornering or something to that effect.

But on a lot of these behaviors where there’s near consensus that these things are inappropriate and where you have quite a few people saying, yeah, I’ve seen this happening, relatively few people – 1 in 10 or fewer – say they have actually done these things themselves. So, for example, more than half of people have seen someone telling a sexual joke or story at work. Fifteen percent of people say they have done that themselves.

MCCAMMON: It also seems like, especially in this moment, that it would be kind of hard to admit to a pollster that you’ve done any of these things. Am I right?

KURTZLEBEN: Right, yeah. And, you know, that is a concern in a poll like this, so we did this poll online. That should mitigate some of that. But aside from that, you know, there are a few other things to think about with this poll. First is that this is the first time that we have polled on these questions with Ipsos. We do not have anything else to compare this to. This is just a snapshot. So we don’t know if this is a change from people’s behaviors before the Me Too movement.

One other really big question mark with these questions is that the behaviors we asked people about, some of them are pretty ambiguous. And that’s intentionally ambiguous, right? Because one of the big challenges people are confronting in their workplaces right now is those gray areas you started out asking me about. Take commenting on a co-worker’s appearance, for example. Saying to a co-worker, hey, that’s a cool dress you’re wearing, that can be perceived as a very different thing from saying that dress looks great on you.

MCCAMMON: Right.

KURTZLEBEN: Two different things you could say about a co-worker’s appearance and two very different ways to perceive that.

MCCAMMON: Well, thanks, Danielle. Danielle Kurtzleben is a politics reporter with NPR. Good to have you here.

KURTZLEBEN: Yes, thank you.

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Trump Administration Restricts H-1B Worker Visas Coveted By High Tech

The Trump administration is tightening the rules for companies that contract out high-skilled workers who are in this country on H-1B visas.

The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services agency issued a new policy memo on Thursday that requires “detailed statements of work or work orders” about the work that will be performed when an H-1B visa worker is employed at a third-party work site. Employers will have to file more details that support the need for foreign talent.

H-1B visas are controversial. American tech companies use them to hire highly skilled foreign workers, such as engineers, IT specialists, architects among others, in situations in which they say there is a shortage of U.S.-born talent. The visas are good for three years and renewable for another three-year term.

Critics of the visas — 85,000 of which are issued every year — say American workers are aced out of competition with workers who can be paid less.

As CNN reports, “Indian outsourcing firms will be the hardest hit. Indian workers receive more than 70% of all H-1B visas.”

The USCIS memo says that if a visa beneficiary will be placed at one or more third-party worksites, the employer “has specific and non-speculative qualifying assignments in a specialty occupation for the beneficiary for the entire time requested in the petition; and the employer will maintain an employer-employee relationship with the beneficiary for the duration of the requested validity period.”

The memo says USCIS recognizes that visa-holders may wind up earning less money than promised or might perform “non-specialty” jobs when they are contracted out to third-party worksites.

The policy change comes as the Trump administration has signaled its desire to change the visa program with a “Buy American, Hire American” policy outlined in an executive order signed in April 2017. The order promised to root out fraud and abuse in the program.

As the Mercury News reports, the H-1B program has come under intense federal scrutiny.

“A Bay Area News Group report earlier this week found a sharp rise in the number of reviews immigration officials were conducting on H-1B applications. From January to August 2017, the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services sent 85,265 requests for evidence in response to H-1B visa applications, a 45 percent increase compared to the same period a year earlier, agency data show. Such requests are made when an application is missing required documents or when the agency determines it needs more proof to decide if a worker is eligible for the visa. Immigration lawyers say the extra enforcement could discourage companies and individuals from seeking an H-1B visa in the first place.”

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