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Muhammed Ali Vs. Sonny Liston: The 'Worst Mess In History Of Sports'

In remembrance of Muhammed Ali, NPR looks back at Robert Siegel’s conversation with filmmaker Gary Robinov, director of Raising Ali, about the 50th anniversary of the heavyweight boxing match between Ali and Sonny Liston in Lewiston, Maine. This story originally aired on May 22, 2015, on All Things Considered.

Transcript

ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:

The death Friday of Muhammed Ali has had me remembering many stories I’ve heard over the years about the champ’s career. Here’s a story that we ran here a little over a year ago. It was about a fight in 1965. In those days, to be boxing’s heavyweight champion was to enjoy global recognition. A title bout was as big as the seventh game of the World Series or the NFL championship game. There was no Super Bowl yet.

But the 1965 fight in question went down as the worst mess in the history of sports. And for a fight that commanded worldwide attention, it happened in a very unlikely place – Lewiston, Maine.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

JOHNNY ADDIE: The main event – 15 rounds for the heavyweight championship of the world.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED BROADCAST)

SIEGEL: It was a rematch. The challenger was the former champion.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ADDIE: Sonny Liston.

(APPLAUSE)

SIEGEL: In the other corner – the champ, who had recently changed his name.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ADDIE: Muhammed Ali.

(APPLAUSE)

SIEGEL: Previously known as Cassius Clay. The ring announcer Johnny Addie used Ali’s new name there, but throughout that night’s radio broadcast of the match, the sportscasters called him by the name Ali had abandoned.

(SOUNDBITE)

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #1: Cassius Clay, who’s shadowboxing right above us, weighs…

SIEGEL: This is what I heard that night on New York radio station WHN. I was almost 18 and wouldn’t have missed a heavyweight title fight. Twenty-two-year-old Phil Phil Greiss (ph) was listening too. He made this recording.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #1: The referee has called the two fighters to the center of the ring, and let’s listen to the instructions.

UNIDENTIFIED REFEREE: I know you’re both in good condition…

SIEGEL: The most amazing thing about this fight before it began was that it was in Lewiston, a small Maine mill town. It was supposed to be in Boston, but the DA there wouldn’t have it. There were fears of organized crime being involved. There was a rumored death threat against Ali by members of the Nation of Islam.

GARY ROBINOV: So they scrambled to find a new venue, and most states wouldn’t touch it.

SIEGEL: Gary has made a documentary about the fight and its lasting effect on Lewiston. He says the fight organizers scrambled because tickets had already been sold for closed-circuit telecasts of the bout.

ROBINOV: And got hold of a gentleman by the name of Sam Michael. Sam was a pawnbroker and former economic growth counselor in Lewiston, and he was also a small-town fight promoter.

And they got hold of Sam, and Sam got hold of the then-state boxing commissioner George Russo. And they both got in touch with the governor. The governor agreed to let the fight be held there, and the governor signed the announcement on May 7. So these guys had, you know, 17, 18 days to put together a world heavyweight championship fight in Lewiston, Maine.

SIEGEL: (Laughter) In a city of about 40,000 people, in an arena that had only 2,500 paying customers – and such a mess. It began with the Broadway star Robert Goulet singing “The Star-Spangled Banner.” I can remember this.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

ADDIE: Ladies and gentlemen, national anthem.

ROBERT GOULET: (Singing) O, say can you see by the dawn’s early night…

ROBINOV: That’s true. There are several stories behind it that he had been entertained by family and friends before the fight and maybe had a couple of cocktails. Another was that he was so nervous that he had written the lyrics on the palm of his hand, and he was so nervous and sweating that they blurred on the palm of his hand.

But he got out of sync with the organist and messed up a couple of words, and it followed him for the rest of his life.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

GOULET: (Singing) O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave.

(APPLAUSE)

SIEGEL: So the night begins with a bungled “Star-Spangled Banner,” and then comes one of the strangest heavyweight title bouts that anyone ever saw or, like me, heard on the radio.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #1: They’re staring at each other. There’s the bell, and here’s (unintelligible).

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #2: And Clay throws a right hand to the head and scores right away, comes in with a left and crosses with a right.

SIEGEL: What went on? How long did it last?

ROBINOV: It varies. The punch – or the phantom punch, as it’s referred to – occurred at a-minute-44 into the first round.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #2: Liston now, his head bobbing – and goes to his knees.

ROBINOV: There’s mass confusion caused by a calamity of events, one of them being that Jersey Joe Walcott, the former heavyweight champ, was actually the referee that night and, being a little inexperienced in that capacity, got out of sync with the official knockdown timekeeper. Muhammad Ali didn’t immediately go to a neutral corner, which delayed the count.

And by the time things got rolling, we’re about a-minute-56 in. Liston’s back up, and the two fighters re-engage. They actually fought. Most people don’t realize that those guys actually started fighting again.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #1: Clay on top of Liston, goes to the left to the top of the head now.

ROBINOV: And at that point, Liston is beckoned over to the timekeepers, and it’s actually a gentleman by the name of Nat Fleischer – was sitting behind the knockdown timekeeper.

SIEGEL: A famous man in the world boxing.

ROBINOV: Yeah. He’s the editor – founder and editor of Ring magazine, and he is waving his arms, saying he’s been down for more than 10; he’s been down for more than 10. This fight is over. So actually, in some strange way, the editor of Ring magazine officially called the fight over.

SIEGEL: (Laughter).

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #1: Now here comes Jersey Joe Walcott…

JERSEY JOE WALCOTT: He’s out.

UNIDENTIFIED CASTER #1: …And says it’s all over. They (unintelligible), and it is all over. And they are going wild in the center of the ring.

SIEGEL: I’m trying to imagine what it was like for the people of Lewiston, Maine, to have in there, in this town of about 40,000 people, a huge press corps. There were hundreds of reporters there, yeah?

ROBINOV: Yeah. There was about 600 reporters. The arena held about 4,500 people. They sold 2,400 tickets. They figure with press, people that snuck in, vendors and the like, the tickets they gave away, about 4,000 people were present.

SIEGEL: In addition to the quantity of people who were there, there were some superstars.

ROBINOV: Yeah. The Cinderella Man was there, James J. Braddock. It was an amazing parade, a who’s who of boxing dignitaries. Add to that Liz Taylor, Frank Sinatra, Jackie Gleason. Celebrities from all around the country and the world are flying into this little town, Lewiston, Maine, to attend the world heavyweight championship, the biggest title in all of boxing held in the smallest town ever, to the smallest-attended audience ever. And the whole thing’s over in a-minute-44 seconds or two minutes and two seconds depending who you ask.

SIEGEL: (Laughter).

ROBINOV: And by the time they’re seated and sipping on their first beer or adjusting their coats, the fight’s over.

SIEGEL: Gary Robinov, thanks a lot for talking with us.

ROBINOV: It’s been my pleasure. Thank you so much, Robert.

SIEGEL: That was Maine filmmaker Gary Robinov talking to us about Muhammad Ali’s fight in Lewiston, Maine, in 1965. He made a documentary about the fight called “Raising Ali.”

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

MUHAMMAD ALI: Didn’t I tell the world that I had a surprise and that if I told you the surprise, you would not come to the fight? With me was almighty Allah and his messenger, and I’ve been saying my prayers regular, living a righteous life…

UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Right.

ALI: And as you see what happens.

UNIDENTIFIED MAN: Wait a minute, now let me ask you this if I may. Wait a minute.

Copyright © 2016 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

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Novak Djokovic Wins French Open, Completes Career Grand Slam

Serbia's Novak Djokovic kisses the trophy after winning the final of the French Open tennis tournament against Britain's Andy Murray in four sets 3-6, 6-1, 6-2, 6-4, at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Sunday.

Serbia’s Novak Djokovic kisses the trophy after winning the final of the French Open tennis tournament against Britain’s Andy Murray in four sets 3-6, 6-1, 6-2, 6-4, at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Sunday. Michel Euler/AP hide caption

toggle caption Michel Euler/AP

Novak Djokovic, the world’s top-ranked men’s tennis player, outlasted Andy Murray in the French Open final Sunday in Paris. In the process he caps a career Grand Slam and becomes the first man in two generations to hold all four major championships simultaneously.

The eventual champion got off to a slow start, dropping the opening set to Murray 3-6. But behind the strength of his forehand, the No. 1 seeded Djokovic roared back, winning the next three sets 6-1, 6-2, 6-4 en route to his first French Open title.

This major had been elusive for Djokovic. According to the Associated Press, this was his 12th appearance at Roland Garros and the fourth time he advanced to the final.

The AP adds:

“When his victory was over, Djokovic took a racket to etch a heart in the red clay that had given him such heartache in the past and dropped down on his back.

Since losing the 2015 final in Paris, Djokovic has won 28 Grand Slam matches in a row, from Wimbledon and the U.S. Open last year, to the Australian Open in January, and now, at long last, the French Open.”

The last male player to have all four majors in their grasp at the same time was Rod Laver, who accomplished the feat in 1969.

With a French Open now in his pocket, Djokovic can now focus his attention on claiming one of the sports’ most elusive prizes – winning all four majors in a single calendar year.

According to USA TODAY:

“While Djokovic made more history on Sunday, he put himself halfway to the calendar Grand Slam, not done in men’s tennis since Laver in 1969. American Jim Courier was the last men’s player to get halfway to the Slam, having won the Australian and French Opens back-to-back in 1992.”

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Garbine Muguruza Wins French Open By Defeating Serena Williams

Spain's Garbine Muguruza receives the trophy after winning the final of the French Open against Serena Williams in two sets 7-5, 6-4, at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris on Saturday.

Spain’s Garbine Muguruza receives the trophy after winning the final of the French Open against Serena Williams in two sets 7-5, 6-4, at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris on Saturday. Alastair Grant/AP hide caption

toggle caption Alastair Grant/AP

Garbine Muguruza, 22, of Spain, won her first major title on Saturday by beating Serena Williams in two sets 7-5, 6-4 at the French Open.

“I can’t explain with words what this day means to me,” Muguruza said after the match.

Williams, 34, was playing for a record-equaling 22nd Grand Slam title.

Steffi Graf has 22 major singles championships.

The all-time record of 24 is held by Margaret Court.

Williams said after the match that Muguruz has a “bright future, obviously.”

Muguruza lost to Williams last year in the finals at Wimbledon.

The new French Open champ said she played very aggressively, and goes for shots “with no regrets.”

The men’s doubles final was also deciced on Saturday.

Feliciano Lopez and Marc Lopez of Spain beat Bob and Mike Bryan of the United States 6-4, 6-7 (6), 6-3.

The battle for the men’s singles title will be played on Sunday.

No. 1 Novak Djokovic of Serbia will play No. 2 Andy Murray of Britain.

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Boxer Muhammad Ali, 'The Greatest Of All Time,' Dies At 74

Boxer Muhammad Ali weighs in a week before his heavyweight bout with Jerry Quarry on Oct. 20, 1970 in Atlanta. Ali died at XX.
  • Hide caption

    Boxer Muhammad Ali weighs in a week before his heavyweight bout with Jerry Quarry on Oct. 20, 1970 in Atlanta. Ali died at XX.
    AP
  • An 85-pound Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. is shown posing at 12 years old, prior to his amateur ring debut in 1954. He won a gold medal in the light-heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympic Games in Rome as a member of the U.S. Olympic boxing team.
    Hide caption

    An 85-pound Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr. is shown posing at 12 years old, prior to his amateur ring debut in 1954. He won a gold medal in the light-heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympic Games in Rome as a member of the U.S. Olympic boxing team.
    AP
  • Clay with trainer Angelo Dundee at City Parks Gym in New York in 1962.
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    Clay with trainer Angelo Dundee at City Parks Gym in New York in 1962.
    Dan Grossi/AP
  • Clay with his first wife, Sonji Roi, on June 21, 1963. He married three more times.
    Hide caption

    Clay with his first wife, Sonji Roi, on June 21, 1963. He married three more times.
    Evening Standard/Hulton Archive/Getty Images
  • Heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali stands over fallen challenger Sonny Liston on May 25, 1965, in Lewiston, Maine. The bout lasted only one minute into the first round. Ali is the only man ever to win the World Heavyweight Boxing Championship three times.
    Hide caption

    Heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali stands over fallen challenger Sonny Liston on May 25, 1965, in Lewiston, Maine. The bout lasted only one minute into the first round. Ali is the only man ever to win the World Heavyweight Boxing Championship three times.
    John Rooney/AP
  • Ali listens intently to Elijah Muhammad, leader of the Nation of Islam, as Muhammad gives a marathon speech to black Muslims in Chicago on Feb. 28, 1966. The fighter had dropped the name Cassius Clay in 1964 and adopted the Muslim name Muhammad Ali.
    Hide caption

    Ali listens intently to Elijah Muhammad, leader of the Nation of Islam, as Muhammad gives a marathon speech to black Muslims in Chicago on Feb. 28, 1966. The fighter had dropped the name Cassius Clay in 1964 and adopted the Muslim name Muhammad Ali.
    Paul Cannon/AP
  • Ali says "no comment," confronted by members of the press as he leaves court for the noon recess, June 19, 1967. Ali was on trial for refusing to be inducted into the armed services.
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    Ali says “no comment,” confronted by members of the press as he leaves court for the noon recess, June 19, 1967. Ali was on trial for refusing to be inducted into the armed services.
    Ed Kolenovsky/AP
  • Ali lies on his back with Joe Frazier, the heavyweight champion, standing over him after a 15th-round punch by Frazier dropped him in New York, March 8, 1971. Frazier retained his title with a unanimous decision over Ali.
    Hide caption

    Ali lies on his back with Joe Frazier, the heavyweight champion, standing over him after a 15th-round punch by Frazier dropped him in New York, March 8, 1971. Frazier retained his title with a unanimous decision over Ali.
    AP
  • Ali toys with the finely combed hair of television sports commentator Howard Cosell before the start of the Olympic boxing trials, Aug. 7, 1972, in West Point, N.Y.
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    Ali toys with the finely combed hair of television sports commentator Howard Cosell before the start of the Olympic boxing trials, Aug. 7, 1972, in West Point, N.Y.
    AP
  • Ali tours downtown Kinshasa on Sept. 17, 1974, ahead of his fight with Foreman. The bout was famously hyped as the "Rumble in the Jungle."
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    Ali tours downtown Kinshasa on Sept. 17, 1974, ahead of his fight with Foreman. The bout was famously hyped as the “Rumble in the Jungle.”
    AP
  • Ali watches as defending world champion George Foreman goes down to the canvas in the eighth round of their WBA/WBC championship boxing match in Kinshasa, Zaire, on Oct. 30, 1974. Foreman was counted out by the referee and Ali regained the world heavyweight crown by knockout.
    Hide caption

    Ali watches as defending world champion George Foreman goes down to the canvas in the eighth round of their WBA/WBC championship boxing match in Kinshasa, Zaire, on Oct. 30, 1974. Foreman was counted out by the referee and Ali regained the world heavyweight crown by knockout.
    AP
  • Muhammad Ali lights the Olympic flame during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games opening ceremony in Atlanta on July 19, 1996.
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    Muhammad Ali lights the Olympic flame during the 1996 Summer Olympic Games opening ceremony in Atlanta on July 19, 1996.
    Michael Probst/AP
  • Ali spars with a Cuban amateur boxer on Sept. 10, 1998, during his visit to the Cerro Pelado sport complex in Havana. Ali was on a three-day visit to Cuba to deliver a $1.2 million donation in humanitarian aid to local hospitals.
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    Ali spars with a Cuban amateur boxer on Sept. 10, 1998, during his visit to the Cerro Pelado sport complex in Havana. Ali was on a three-day visit to Cuba to deliver a $1.2 million donation in humanitarian aid to local hospitals.
    Adalberto Roque/AFP/Getty Images
  • Ali is escorted onstage by his wife, Lonnie, and a personal assistant during The Muhammad Ali Celebrity Fight Night Awards XIX in Phoenix on March 23, 2013. The awards are given out to celebrities who embody the qualities of Ali and his fight to find a cure for Parkinson's disease.
    Hide caption

    Ali is escorted onstage by his wife, Lonnie, and a personal assistant during The Muhammad Ali Celebrity Fight Night Awards XIX in Phoenix on March 23, 2013. The awards are given out to celebrities who embody the qualities of Ali and his fight to find a cure for Parkinson’s disease.
    Ralph D. Freso/Reuters/Landov

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Muhammad Ali, the man considered the greatest boxer of all time, died late Friday at a hospital in Phoenix at age 74. He was battling respiratory problems.

Ali inspired millions by standing up for his principles during the volatile 1960s and by always entertaining — in the boxing ring and in front of a microphone.

Cassius Clay (Ali’s given name) won a gold medal at the Rome Olympics in 1960. He wanted more: a professional heavyweight championship. He arrived in Miami in October to work with legendary trainer Angelo Dundee. Dundee, who died in 2012, recalled the first day Clay showed up.

“Bounding up the steps of the Fifth Street gym, and the steps were pretty rickety, you know, all wood. Bouncing up, he said, ‘Angelo, line up all your bums. I’m gonna beat ’em all,’ ” Dundee said.

‘King Of The World’

Clay was 18: bounding, fearless, leading with his mouth.

“I’m not only a fighter. I’m a poet; I’m a prophet; I’m the resurrector; I’m the savior of the boxing world. If it wasn’t for me, the game would be dead,” he said.

Young Clay made boxing an art form. He was an original, a heavyweight who didn’t move around the ring — he danced. He’d thrill the crowd with his quick scissor-step shuffle. On defense, he’d slip and slide, Dundee said, and then flick that jab.

“He had a jab that was like a snake,” he said.

Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee; rumble, young man, rumble. Boxing reporters never had so much fun.

As the mouth roared, the victories started piling up, all of it prelude to a 1964 battle against the big, bad bear: heavyweight champion Sonny Liston.

Liston was a fearsome opponent. Nobody believed the young Ali had a shot. But after six rounds, Liston was done. He didn’t come out for the seventh, and Clay was the new champion.

“I am the king of the world! … I’m pretty! … I’m a bad man! I shook up the world!” he exclaimed.

But the 22-year-old was just getting started.

A Polarizing Figure

After the Liston fight, Ali revealed he was a member of the black separatist movement Nation of Islam. He wanted to be called Muhammad Ali, a name he said was given to him by the group’s leader, Elijah Muhammad.

“That’s my original name; that’s a black man name,” Ali said. “Cassius Clay was my slave name. I’m no longer a slave.”

Muhammad, the Nation of Islam leader, preached that integration and intermarriage were wrong and that white people were devils. It was an idea Ali defended in a 1971 TV interview.

Muhammad Ali is held back by referee Joe Walcott after knocking out Sonny Liston in the first round of their championship bout in Lewiston, Maine, on May 25, 1965.

Muhammad Ali is held back by referee Joe Walcott after knocking out Sonny Liston in the first round of their championship bout in Lewiston, Maine, on May 25, 1965. AP hide caption

toggle caption AP

“I’m gonna look at two or three white people who’re trying to do right and don’t see the other million trying to kill me? I’m not that big of a fool, and I’m not going to deny it,” he said. “I believe everything he [Muhammad] teach, and if the white people of a country are not the devil, then they should prove they’re not the devil.”

Ali became a polarizing figure in America. Many sportswriters vilified him. Black boxer Floyd Patterson said, “I don’t believe God put us here to hate one another. Cassius Clay is disgracing himself and the Negro race.”

To others, Ali became a loud and unapologetic symbol of black pride.

The Rev. Kwasi Thornell of Washington, D.C., was a teenager when Ali burst onto the scene.

“There was a great deal of excitement in seeing that because that was a boldness that many of us did not know,” says Thornell, who is African-American. “We were more encouraged by our parents to just go along with the system and not be bold and bodacious, as [Ali] was.”

Ali’s boldest move — and most controversial — came in 1967. At the height of the Vietnam War, he refused induction into the U.S. military, saying, “I ain’t got no quarrel with them Viet Cong.”

“My intention is to box, to win a clean fight. But in war, the intention is to kill, kill, kill, kill and continue killing innocent people,” he said.

Some called him a traitor. For those in a growing anti-war movement, Ali was a hero who paid a significant price. He was convicted of draft evasion, and though he avoided jail time, he was stripped of his heavyweight title and banned from boxing at the age of 25, just as he was entering his prime. It would be more than three years before Ali returned to the ring.

Rivalry With Frazier

Following his exile, Ali squared off against Joe Frazier, who became heavyweight champion in Ali’s absence. The March 1971 showdown was billed as the fight of the century.

Frazier won, handing Ali his first professional loss. It was also the first of three epic bouts between the two men. Frazier, with his boxer’s mashed face and snorting-bull style in the ring, could never equal Ali’s finesse and skill as a fighter. Nor could he match Ali’s wit, which often turned cruel when the subject was Frazier.

“You’ll also see why I say he’s a gorilla,” Ali said. “You’ll see how ugly he is, and how pretty I am.”

It was theater to Ali. But in a 2007 interview, Ali biographer Thomas Hauser said the words and frequent taunts were like broken glass in Frazier’s stomach. It’s one of the reasons, Hauser said, that even late in life, Frazier harbored ill will toward Ali.

“Even though Muhammad said to me that if God ever called him to a holy war, he wanted Joe Frazier fighting beside him,” Hauser said.

Undoubtedly, sports announcer Howard Cosell would have done the holy war’s play-by-play, as he did for many of Ali’s fights. The two men had a symbiotic relationship. Their interview sessions were more like hilarious jousting matches, with Ali needling the pedantic former lawyer, always threatening to tear off Cosell’s obvious toupee.

When it came to boxing IQ, none was higher than Ali’s. In 1974, against the menacing George Foreman, Ali used a tactic called the “rope-a-dope.” He stayed on the ropes, covering up, letting Foreman punch himself out. Then Ali struck quickly, knocked out Foreman and became champion a second time.

Parkinson’s Diagnosis

A year later, “The Thrilla in Manila” was the final fight in the Ali-Frazier trilogy. It was an awesome and horrible slugfest that ended with Ali winning, but admitting afterward, “It was the closest to death that I could feel.”

“This is too painful. It’s too much work. I might have a heart attack or something. I wanna get out … while I’m on top,” he said.

It would have been the perfect time to stop. But Ali kept fighting six more years. In the early 1980s, he was diagnosed with pugilistic Parkinson’s syndrome.

His last big public moment came in 1996, when he lit the flame at the Atlanta Summer Olympics. Shaking, his face frozen by a Parkinson’s mask, this was a new generation’s image of the man called the greatest of all time. But the sadness was mixed with global love.

Ali was the rare and perhaps only person who could go anywhere — Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, a marketplace in Latin America — and people would stop and point and smile.

In his life, he traveled from a boxer’s cruelty to kindness. A man who stood up and shouted out for his principles ultimately embraced the quiet principle of spirituality. But in later years, his words muted by Parkinson’s, Ali was asked if he’d do it all over exactly the same, even if he knew in advance how he’d end up. The answer: You bet I would.

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Zika Worries Prompt U.S. Cyclist To Pull Out Of Rio Contention

Tejay van Garderen says even a small risk from the Zika virus is enough to make him stay home with his wife, who is pregnant. He's seen here last year ahead of the start of the Tour de France cycling race.

Tejay van Garderen says even a small risk from the Zika virus is enough to make him stay home with his wife, who is pregnant. He’s seen here last year ahead of the start of the Tour de France cycling race. Christophe Ena/AP hide caption

toggle caption Christophe Ena/AP

With his wife expecting a baby in October, American road racer Tejay van Garderen has withdrawn from consideration for the Rio Summer Olympics, citing the Zika virus that’s been linked to birth defects.

From a statement released by USA Cycling on van Garderen’s behalf today:

“After thinking long and hard about the Olympic Games in Rio, I have decided to withdraw my name from consideration for selection in the U.S. team. Although the risks associated with the Zika Virus can be minimal and precautions can be taken, my wife Jessica is pregnant, and I don’t want to risk bringing anything back that could potentially have an effect.”

When asked whether van Garderen is the only American athlete to have withdrawn, a U.S. Olympic Committee official said the organization isn’t aware of any similar cases in which an American Olympic hopeful has opted out of competing in Rio.

A two-time winner of the USA Pro Challenge, van Garderen placed fifth in the Tour de France in 2014 and in 2012 — the same year he raced for the U.S. in the London Olympics. And as the highest-ranked American in the UCI’s most recent world rankings of road cyclists, he had been seen as a strong contender for the U.S. team, whose roster will be finalized this month.

In recent years, van Garderen, 27, has made something of a habit out of bringing his daughter onto the podium to help celebrate when he wins a stage race or other competition.

Back in March, the World Health Organization announced that a scientific consensus had determined “the Zika virus is connected with microcephaly — a condition in which babies are born with very small heads and brain damage,” as NPR’s Michaeleen Doucleff reported.

“If circumstances were different I would have loved to be selected again to represent the USA,” van Garderen said, “but my family takes priority and it’s a decision that I’m completely comfortable with. I hope that I’ll be in the position to race at the 2020 Olympic Games.”

Last month, WHO issued tips for athletes and visitors to Rio. The list ranges from protecting against mosquito bites to using condoms or abstaining from sex during and for eight weeks after a visit.

WHO also said, “Pregnant women continue to be advised not to travel to areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission. This includes Rio de Janeiro.”

But the agency also noted that the Rio Olympics will be held in August, during Brazil’s winter, meaning that the number of mosquitoes will be relatively low, reducing the risk of being bitten.

That fact was also touted Thursday by leaders of Rio’s Olympics effort who sought to reassure international visitors that it’ll be safe to visit Brazil for the games.

At a news conference, Rio 2016 Organizing Committee President Carlos Nuzman told reporters “there is not a public health risk with Zika,” according to the Around the Rings website.

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PGA Tour Leaving Trump's Doral Golf Course For Mexico City

Donald Trump says the PGA Tour is leaving Miami’s Doral golf course after 54 years and taking the tournament to a new site in Mexico City. The Tour began to distance itself from Trump last year after his comments about excluding Muslims from immigrating to the U.S.

Transcript

ARI SHAPIRO, HOST:

The PGA tour is moving a storied golf tournament out of Donald Trump’s Doral resort near Miami. Trump broke the news last night during an interview on Fox News.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

DONALD TRUMP: They’re moving it to Mexico. They’re moving it to Mexico City, which by the way, I hope they have kidnapping insurance.

SHAPIRO: Today PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem confirmed the decision in a news conference carried on the Golf Channel. He said the move had nothing to do with Trump’s politics and everything to do with sponsorship issues.

(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)

TIM FINCHEM: Some of the reaction revolves around the feeling that somehow this is a political exercise, and it is not that in any way, shape or form.

SHAPIRO: NPR’s Greg Allen joins us now from Miami. Hi, Greg.

GREG ALLEN, BYLINE: Hi, Ari.

SHAPIRO: Earlier the PGA Tour had explicitly distanced itself from Trump because of some of his political comments. Commissioner Finchem seems to be saying that has nothing to do with today’s decision.

ALLEN: That’s right. That’s exactly kind of – that’s the point he made today. But we – you, like me, probably remember in December when the Tour released a statement. This was after Donald Trump called for a ban on Muslims entering the U.S. And the PGA Tour sent out a statement saying that his comments were, quote, “inconsistent with our strong commitment to an inclusive and welcoming environment,” reading from that statement.

But today the PGA Tour commissioner said the only reason for moving the tournament was that after more than 50 years, the Doral Tournament wasn’t able to find a sponsor. Cadillac last year told Doral it was pulling out, and that was before Trump’s comments.

But after months of looking, the head of the tournament told the Miami Herald that Doral was simply unable to line up a new sponsor. The PGA’s tour with Doral allowed them to move the tournament if they couldn’t get a sponsor, and so today, Finchem said they’re moving it to Mexico City.

SHAPIRO: Which is ironic given that Trump has promised to build a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border.

ALLEN: Right, and the PGA Tour Commissioner did not respond to that irony today. He said that the tour was working to broaden its appeal to people in Central America and South America, and that’s reason for the move there. And of course, that’s also where they found a sponsor – Grupos Salinas, which is a Mexican business conglomerate. They stepped forward to sponsor the tournament. And of course, since they’re from Mexico, I think they wanted to base it down there.

But Commissioner Finchem said the PGA Tour likes working with Donald Trump and hopes to return to Doral at some point. They already have one event in Mexico at a beach resort near Cancun, so now this’ll be a second one. The Golf Channel’s reporting that the new event is going to be at the Chapultepec golf course just outside Mexico City. But Commissioner Finchem today said no final decision has been made on that.

SHAPIRO: Talk about the impact of this on Trump. We heard him saying he hopes that they have kidnapping insurance, and he has a lot of money invested in Doral.

ALLEN: Well, it is a big deal certainly when a course gets dropped from the PGA Tour after more than 50 years. I think it’s 54 years, in this case. Trump bought the Doral resort just four years ago, and he got a lot of praise at the time for his renovations. Even today Commissioner Finchem talked about that. He spent some $250 million to re-do the golf courses.

But today Donald Trump released a statement calling it a sad day for Miami, the United States and the game of golf. He compared what the PGA Tour had done to American companies like Carrier and Nabisco, who he sometimes mentions in his speeches, who have moved jobs to Mexico. He says that the PGA Tour has put profits ahead of thousands of American jobs.

So he definitely sounds disappointed. But also in the past, he said that if the tour left he would make even more money at Doral because it would make more rooms available during the peak of the season.

SHAPIRO: That’s NPR’s Greg Allen on news that the PGA Tournament is leaving Trump’s Doral golf course in Miami for Mexico. Thanks, Greg.

ALLEN: You’re welcome.

Copyright © 2016 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

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As Olympics Near, Violence Grips Rio's 'Pacified' Favelas

A man performs yoga in the Babilonia favela overlooking Rio de Janeiro in 2014. The Brazilian government made a big push to impose order on the shantytowns in advance of the World Cup in 2014 and the Olympics this summer. Babilonia was once considered a model, but violence has been on the rise in the run-up to the games.

A man performs yoga in the Babilonia favela overlooking Rio de Janeiro in 2014. The Brazilian government made a big push to impose order on the shantytowns in advance of the World Cup in 2014 and the Olympics this summer. Babilonia was once considered a model, but violence has been on the rise in the run-up to the games. Mario Tama/Getty Images hide caption

toggle caption Mario Tama/Getty Images

In the misty rain, surrounded by Rio de Janeiro’s green hills, police officer Eduardo Dias was buried last week. He was shot, purportedly by gang members, as he was leaving his post inside the favela, or shantytown, where he worked as a community cop.

The killing took place a few hundred feet from the Maracana Stadium, where the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympics will be held on Aug. 5. As family members wept by the graveside, the pastor raised his hands.

“This rain is like our tears,” he said. “Not just ours, but coming also from the heavens for everything that we are going through. I have been asking God, until when, my Lord? Until when are we going to have to bury our good policemen? Until when will we have to keep burying our children?”

Brazil has been rattled by a terrible recession, multiple corruption scandals, a political meltdown and the Zika virus. And now Rio is suffering a security crisis.

Murders are up 15 percent from last year. Robbery is up 30 percent. Amid the economic and political turmoil, the state security budget has been cut by a third. The gangs are fighting for territory in advance of the Olympics, according to authorities.

While everyone is feeling the effects, the impact is greatest on Rio’s poorest communities, the favelas.

‘Disneyland’ Favela

To get a sense of how far things have slipped, I went back to Babilonia, a community I visited when I first arrived to Rio three years ago.

Babilonia, like many of Rio’s favelas, is located on a hillside with an amazing view of the water and the famed Copacabana beach. Babilonia became known as one of the so-called Disneyland favelas because they were shown to visiting dignitaries and the media as an example of how conditions had improved.

In the new and improved Babilonia, police walked around with their guns holstered. Residents were opening up businesses catering to tourists. They included restaurants, and hostels that were advertised on Airbnb. The drug gangs kept a low profile.

All this was part of a bold policing program called pacification, which placed permanent bases of community police, known as UPPs, in neighborhoods that had little or no state presence previously. Residents considered them long overdue and the state considered them necessary as Brazil prepared to host the World Cup in 2014 and this summer’s Olympics.

But unlike three years ago, the pacification police are now patrolling with their guns drawn. Police commander Paulo Berbat walks to the crest of the hill, where muddy paths disappear into the jungle.

He says six weeks ago, a rival gang from the neighboring favela tried to push in and take control from the group that controls the drugs and guns in Babilonia. Three drug dealers were killed in a firefight that sent fear through the community.

Too Scared To Speak

Rodrigo da Silva agreed to meet with me on the beach where he works. He owns a hostel in the favela that he advertises on Airbnb, but he also sells food on Copacabana to make ends meet.

He hoped the Summer Olympics would get him out of the hot sun. But so far, there have been few guests at his hostel. “Our business has decreased,” he says. “We had much higher expectations in terms of hosting people throughout the Olympics. If the situation had improved, maybe I wouldn’t still have to work here on the beach.”

Other members of the community had similar stories about a sharp drop in business due to the violence.

Aside from da Silva, favela residents refused to be interviewed, in marked contrast to three years ago. Several told me they had been directly threatened by the gangs, who said we were asking too many questions.

“If you talk too much, it ends badly,” da Silva says. “Here’s the deal: You do not mess with their business, don’t mess with their stuff — and they don’t mess with you.”

Olympic officials are promising the games will be safe for visitors and athletes. Brazil will be bringing in double the amount of security that the London Games had four years ago.

“What we need to push, and we will do so, is to have more security before the games, and more security after the games. We don’t want the games to be an island of success and perfection. We want the games to transform Rio, and to make Rio a safer city in the years to come,” says Mario Andrada, the communications director for Rio 2016.

But even if the Olympics go according to plan, the future of the pacification program is in doubt. Da Silva tells me he fears the worst.

“There will be more violence, more violence in all the communities because of the fights between the drug gangs, fights against the police,” he says. “In the end the ones who will pay for this will be the residents, as always.”

NPR has been collaborating with the the PBS NewsHour, which will also feature reporting by Lulu Garcia-Navarro on its program Tuesday evening.

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Golden State To Face Cleveland In A Rematch Of The NBA Finals

Golden State Warriors guard Stephen Curry poses next to the Western Conference finals trophy after the Warriors beat the Oklahoma City Thunder in Game 7 of the conference finals Monday night in Oakland. The Warriors won 96-88.

Golden State Warriors guard Stephen Curry poses next to the Western Conference finals trophy after the Warriors beat the Oklahoma City Thunder in Game 7 of the conference finals Monday night in Oakland. The Warriors won 96-88. Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP hide caption

toggle caption Marcio Jose Sanchez/AP

Stephen Curry knocked down yet another 3-pointer in the waning moments, pulled his jersey up into his mouth and yelled to the rafters in triumph once more.

A special, record-setting season saved for the defending champs, with a memorable comeback added to the long list of accomplishments.

Splash Brothers Curry and Klay Thompson carried the 73-win Warriors right back to the NBA Finals, as Golden State rallied from a 3-1 series deficit to beat the Oklahoma City Thunder 96-88 on Monday night in Game 7 of the Western Conference finals.

Now, Curry and Co. are playing for another NBA title – just as they planned since Day 1 of training camp in September.

Bring on LeBron James again.

“You appreciate how tough it is to get back here,” Curry said. “You’ve got to be appreciative of this accomplishment, and look forward to getting four more wins.”

The MVP scored 36 points with seven 3-pointers to finish with an NBA-record 32 in a seven-game series, and also had eight assists. Thompson added 21 points and six 3s, two days after his record 11 3-pointers led a Game 6 comeback that sent the series home to raucous Oracle Arena for one more.

The Warriors became the 10th team to rally from a 3-1 deficit and win a postseason series. They return to the NBA Finals for a rematch with James and the Cleveland Cavaliers, who lost the 2015 title in six games as Golden State captured its first championship in 40 years.

Game 1 is Thursday night in Oakland.

“We survived by the skin of our teeth,” coach Steve Kerr said. “We were able to pull it out, and we’re moving on.”

His signature mouthpiece dangling out and the game ball cradled in his left hand, Curry pumped his right arm as yellow confetti fell through Oracle Arena once the final buzzer sounded.

With the Thunder trailing 90-86, Serge Ibaka fouled Curry on a 3-point try with 1:18 to go and the shot clock running out. Curry made all three free throws, then that 3-pointer to seal it.

“This is who he is. Having a clutch performance in a Game 7, that’s Steph Curry,” Kerr said.

And Golden State’s beloved “Strength In Numbers” catchphrase coined by Coach of the Year Kerr was needed in every way.

“No one ever had any doubt that we could get this done,” Draymond Green said. “People have seen teams down 3-1 before but they ain’t seen many. They’ve definitely never seen a 73-win team down 3-1.”

Andre Iguodala joined the starting lineup for just the second time all season and the 2015 NBA Finals MVP hung tough against Kevin Durant, who scored 27 points on 10-for-19 shooting. Shaun Livingston’s breakaway, one-handed dunk late in the third provided a big lift off the Warriors bench.

Oklahoma City won Game 1 108-102 at deafening Oracle Arena, so Golden State never envisioned this one coming easily. Russell Westbrook had 19 points, 13 assists and seven rebounds for the Thunder.

“It hurts losing, especially being up 3 games to 1,” Durant said.

It took a quarter and a half for Thompson to warm up after his 41-point performance in a 108-101 win Saturday at Oklahoma City that sent the series back to the East Bay.

He missed his initial seven shots before hitting a 3 6:02 before halftime, energizing the Warriors in their first Game 7 at home in 40 years.

Back-to-back 3-pointers by Thompson and Iguodala pulled the Warriors within 54-51 with 7:57 left in the third. They tied it on Curry’s 3 at 7:21 and he followed with another 3 to give his team the lead.

Curry and Thompson each topped the previous record for 3s in a seven-game series, 28 by Dennis Scott and Ray Allen. Curry hit one over 7-foot Steven Adams in the third, and Thompson wound up with 30 3s.

Iguodala replaced Harrison Barnes in the starting lineup and what a move by Kerr, who did the same thing last year in crunch time. Iguodala made a pretty bounce pass through the paint to Green for Golden State’s first basket, and his smothering defense on Durant kept the Thunder star without a shot until his 3 at the 5:45 mark in the first. Durant had just nine points on five shots in the first half.

But Oklahoma City dictated the tempo with snappy passes and the hard, aggressive rebounding that had been such a part of its success this season. The Thunder couldn’t sustain it.

“They won a world championship last year, and they’ve broken an NBA record, and people are already talking about it before the playoffs started, this may be the greatest team to ever lace them up in the history of the NBA,” Thunder coach Billy Donovan said.

The Warriors, who fell behind 35-22, lost their last Game 7 at home: 94-86 to Phoenix in the Western Conference finals on May 16, 1976.

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Sounds Of The Indy 500

Today marked the 100th running of the Indianapolis 500. We get the sounds from today’s historic race, won by rookie driver Alexander Rossi.

Transcript

MICHEL MARTIN, HOST:

And now it’s time to start your engines. Today car racing fans celebrated a milestone.

(SOUNDBITE OF 2016 INDIANAPOLIS 500)

UNIDENTIFIED MAN: We’re honored to have you here on this historic day, the 100th running of the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race.

UNIDENTIFIED CROWD: Ladies and gentlemen, start your engines.

(APPLAUSE, SOUNDBITE OF CARS RACING)

MARTIN: The race was first run at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in 1911. But it had to take a few years off during the First and Second World Wars. This afternoon, more than 400,000 people gathered at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway to watch drivers race to speeds of more than 200 miles per hour.

For the first time in 50 years, the race was broadcast live on local Indiana television. Officials decided to lift the media blackout after selling out the entire stadium this year. Donny and Wendy Brown from Danville, Ind., have been coming to the race off and on for about 30 years. They were here Sunday with their four teenage kids. The Browns said there was no way they would stay home and just watch the race on TV.

DONNY BROWN: Oh, you want to be here. You want to be…

WENDY BROWN: The atmosphere…

D. BROWN: Atmosphere, seeing the speed – you can’t get the speed on the TV. You see it in person.

W. BROWN: Just to hear the cars and just to feel the chest when they go by – you can’t replace that.

D. BROWN: Plus it’s a history…

W. BROWN: It’s awesome.

D. BROWN: …One-hundredth running? You want to be here.

(SOUNDBITE OF 2016 Indianapolis 500)

MARTIN: Rookie driver Alexander Rossi from Nevada City, Calif., won the race just in time before his fuel ran out. He told ABC Television, quote, “I have no idea how we pulled that off.”

Copyright © 2016 NPR. All rights reserved. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by Verb8tm, Inc., an NPR contractor, and produced using a proprietary transcription process developed with NPR. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Accuracy and availability may vary. The authoritative record of NPR’s programming is the audio record.

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World Health Organization Dismisses Calls To Move Or Postpone Rio Olympics

Health workers get ready to spray insecticide to combat the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that transmits the Zika virus in January, under the bleachers of the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, which will be used for the Archery competition in the 2016 summer games.

Health workers get ready to spray insecticide to combat the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that transmits the Zika virus in January, under the bleachers of the Sambadrome in Rio de Janeiro, which will be used for the Archery competition in the 2016 summer games. Leo Correa/AP hide caption

toggle caption Leo Correa/AP

The World Health Organization is trying to ease concerns about spreading Zika as a result of this summer’s Olympics in Rio de Janiero.

“Based on current assessment, cancelling or changing the location of the 2016 Olympics will not significantly alter the international spread of Zika virus,” a statement released Saturday reads.

This comes a day after more than 150 scientists released an open letter to the head of WHO calling for the games to be moved or postponed, citing new research. “We make this call despite the widespread fatalism that the Rio 2016 Games are inevitable or ‘too big to fail,'” the letter says. Here’s more:

“An unnecessary risk is posed when 500,000 foreign tourists from all countries attend the Games, potentially acquire the strain, and return home to places where it can become endemic. Should that happen to poor, as-yet unaffected places (e.g., most of South Asia and Africa) the suffering can be great. It is unethical to run the risk, just for Games that could proceed anyway, if postponed and/or moved.”

The Paralynpic Athlete, Marcelo Collet, on Tuesday in Salvador, Brazil.

The Paralynpic Athlete, Marcelo Collet, on Tuesday in Salvador, Brazil. Felipe Oliveira/Getty Images hide caption

toggle caption Felipe Oliveira/Getty Images

It called on WHO to conduct a new assessment of its recommendations regarding Zika and the games, citing concerns about the medical consequences of the strain of the virus found in Brazil.

The Olympics are set to start in just 69 days and as The Guardian noted, the Olympic torch is already touring Brazil on its way to the opening ceremonies.

“The fire is already burning, but that is not a rationale not to do anything about the Olympics,” said Amir Attaran, a University of Ottawa professor and one of the letter’s four co-authors, told The Guardian. “It is not the time now to throw more gasoline on to the fire.”

Attaran recently published a commentary for the Harvard Public Health Review and spoke with All Things Considered about his controversial position. “[T]he odds are extremely high that somebody will take the disease elsewhere and seed a new outbreak,” he said.

As the WHO states, “based on the current assessment of Zika virus circulating in almost 60 countries globally and 39 countries in the Americas, there is no public health justification for postponing or cancelling the games.” It advises people coming for the games to follow public health advice, like guarding against mosquito bites and practicing safe sex.

The new letter from the scientists “will cause a fresh headache for Brazilian government officials and Olympic organisers, who have repeatedly insisted the Games can go ahead safely as long as athletes and visitors smother themselves in insect repellent to minimise the risks from the mosquito-borne disease,” as The Guardian reports.

Brazil’s president is facing impeachment proceedings and the country is in the middle of an economic recession.

According to Reuters, the International Olympic Committee says it was not consulted on the WHO’s response. The wire service adds that the IOC “has repeatedly said the virus would not pose a threat to the Games.”

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