December 24, 2017

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Facebook, Twitter Issue Policy Changes To Manage Fake News And Hate Speech

Facebook and Twitter update their platforms in order to better manage the amount of misinformation and hate speech that show up on people’s news feeds. Kerry Flynn, a reporter at Mashable, speaks with NPR guest host Ray Suarez on what to make of these changes and whether they’ll be effective.

RAY SUAREZ, HOST:

With billions of people spending billions of hours on social media today, the ability for Facebook and Twitter to control fake news and hate speech continues to be a challenge. But this past week, these major platforms announced new ways to prevent misinformation and violent rants from landing in people’s news feeds.

Here to speak with us is Kerry Flynn, a reporter from Mashable covering the story. Kerry, welcome to the program.

KERRY FLYNN: Thanks for having me on.

SUAREZ: Well, this is hardly the first time Facebook and Twitter have tried to manage these challenges. What’s different about these new updates?

FLYNN: So with Facebook, we’re starting to see them crack down on fake news. They’ve noticed that they’re spreading what’s misinformation. With Twitter, for a long time, they, again, have let anyone join the network. That means that those people on there could be violent people, these people who actually want to incite violence and spread their message out there. And that doesn’t make other people feel welcomed. And therefore, maybe it drives those people away from the platform.

SUAREZ: Give us an idea what it will look like. Let’s say you go to your Facebook feed – what would a fake news story that comes from a shop in Russia or from a boiler room somewhere in the Balkans look like? Will it look the same? Will it have some sort of warning?

FLYNN: One way that Facebook tried to address this – and this was only about a year ago – is add these, what they called, quote, unquote, “disputed” flags. But what Facebook admitted this week is while they tried that for a year, these red flag icons weren’t actually doing that job.

One important note, they said – there were four reasons why they decided to get rid of that program. And one of them is that red actually can enforce a message – as in, I’m reading something, and I’ll remember it more ’cause there is a red label next to it. That’s clearly not what they would want for someone to hope if they’re reading something that’s fake news.

And instead, what they’re pushing for is something called related articles. So maybe when you see what has become a fake news story, below that is going to be anywhere from two to three other Facebook posts that are about that same type of topic. So in the end, hopefully you’re understanding what the right narrative of that story is.

SUAREZ: Now you noted at the very beginning that Twitter and Facebook are taking different approaches. What is Twitter trying to do in the area of hate speech?

FLYNN: Yeah, Twitter is trying to deal with that, too. But they don’t do it as much. And really, their stance there is that if there’s a fake news story out there, maybe more people will retweet it and say this is wrong. And they’re hoping that more people see that.

What they are really trying to do is make sure that those people – whether they’re saying something is right or wrong – are not having people who promote and incite violence, whether they do that on platform or off platform.

SUAREZ: So Kerry, in the final analysis, aren’t the two platforms taking two very different approaches? While Facebook is adding more context to get any individual consumer to read more, think harder, take more onboard, Twitter’s just taking content out. It’s censoring it and saying – sorry, can’t say that on our place.

FLYNN: It’s an important point for sure, yes. Facebook isn’t necessarily taking down particular users or particular pieces of content, no. Like, if there is a fake news story, it can still be shared. But with that if you do not buy their (ph) standards either on or off the platform, you can be out. And for a lot of people, that’s what’s really scary about Twitter right now is they don’t really know whether they’re out because these processes are slowly rolling out. And even Twitter said perhaps they’ll make mistakes.

SUAREZ: Kerry Flynn has been covering efforts to police content on social media platforms for Mashable, where she’s a reporter.

Thanks a lot for talking to us.

FLYNN: Thanks for having me on.

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Louisiana Lawmaker Threatens Saints' Tax Breaks After Anthem Protests

The New Orleans Saints kneel before the playing of the national anthem before the game against the Green Bay Packers at Lambeau Field on Oct. 22.

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A Louisiana state legislator wants to cut off tax breaks and other funding for the state’s only NFL franchise, the New Orleans Saints.

State Rep. Kenny Havard, a Republican, objects to player protests during the pregame national anthem. He plans to propose an amendment to strip any state funding that benefits the Saints, including free rental of the Mercedes-Benz Superdome, their home venue.

“We’re paying the Saints a lot of money to entertain us — not to get off in the weeds of, you know, political discourse,” Havard says. “They can do that, but do it on their own time.”

The controversy started last season, when San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick chose to kneel instead of stand during the national anthem in response to racial injustice and police brutality. Over the course of the 2016 season, other players joined Kaepernick’s protest by kneeling, sitting or raising a fist during the song.

Kaepernick was not offered an NFL contract in 2017, but the #TakeAKnee movement he sparked has continued without him. In September, President Trump entered the debate, saying in a speech and repeating on Twitter that the NFL should fire all players who refuse to stand for the national anthem.

The president’s comments only spurred more protests throughout the league, including by members of the Saints franchise. At the game after the president’s tweets, 10 Saints players remained on the bench for the national anthem. Since then, the team has knelt as a group before the anthem and then stood for the actual song.

Havard says removing the team’s tax breaks has had bipartisan support in the past, when the conversation focused on the league’s handling of domestic violence, concussion risk for players or team owner enrichment. But since the anthem protests began, he says, the tax debate is being perceived as a racial issue.

“Look: Slavery was however long ago, and it was a horrible thing and no one should have to go through that,” says Havard. “But it’s time that we move on as a nation.”

Havard says he believes institutional barriers to equal opportunity are gone, and he rejects the notion of an unjust society. For him, the debate over standing for the national anthem is not about how police treat African-Americans, but a question of doing what is right.

“When I see a lady coming, I open the door,” he says. “When I sit at the table, I take my hat off. When the national anthem plays, I stand.”

State Rep. Ted James, a Democrat, rejects Havard’s argument.

“This is not a conversation about Saints players being political,” James says. “This is a conversation about race.”

James represents a district in the state capital, Baton Rouge. That city became a flashpoint for the discussion about racial injustice in policing after the death of Alton Sterling, a black man who was shot by officers outside a convenience store there in 2016. No federal charges were filed in the case, and the state attorney general has not filed charges either.

Then, less then two weeks after Sterling’s death, three local police officers were killed and three others wounded in an ambush.

James says that Baton Rouge did some tough racial reconciliation work after those events and that the debate over the anthem protests is reopening painful wounds. He is preparing for a legislative fight over the Saints funding issue.

“As a black man and as a black player, you are telling these athletes ‘go throw that ball, catch that ball, run that ball, tackle that quarterback, but you dare not say a word,’ ” says James. “That’s a plantation mentality.”

The anthem protests have prompted NFL boycotts on both sides of the issue. Baton Rouge publisher and activist Gary Chambers joined the local protests after Sterling’s killing. He says he has stopped watching the NFL in solidarity with Kaepernick’s movement.

“This man took a knee and flipped America upside down,” says Chambers.

Sitting in a Baton Rouge cafe, Chambers and a friend, businessman Geno McLaughlin, say the football players are giving voice to what African-Americans have been fighting for in communities all across the country, including their own.

McLaughlin says how you view the flag and what patriotism means to you depend on your experiences as an American.

“When I see the red stripes, I also see bloodstains,” he says. “For me and for many black people … we don’t feel the same way about the flag that [a white person] might.”

He says that doesn’t mean he hates the country.

“My people, we built this country,” he says. “So do I love the country? Absolutely.”

Chambers says Trump’s inflammatory public statements and tweets about firing the players send a clear message.

“Trump is basically telling all the other slave owners ‘keep your Negroes in check’ is what I hear,” says Chambers.

Tony Melera, manager of Sarita’s Mexican Grill & Cantina, stands in front of a American flag — a gift from state Attorney General Jeff Landry — draped over the New Orleans Saints 2017 game schedule.

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About 25 minutes outside Baton Rouge, the player protests have sparked a boycott from the opposite perspective.

At Sarita’s Mexican Grill & Cantina in Denham Springs, nearly 50 big-screen TVs line the walls. Manager Tony Melera says diners can watch golf, pro wrestling and the Weather Channel, but never professional football. The restaurant has banned NFL games.

“There’s a time to protest,” Melera says. “They have the right to do so. But don’t take it out on national television against the flag.”

Melera, an immigrant from El Salvador, says the protests on the field send the wrong message.

“We respect the flag. We stand. And we pledge allegiance,” he says. “They make a lot more money than we do. Why do it? They’re going at it the wrong way.”

Melera says the restaurant lost some business at first; people in Louisiana take their football seriously. But Melera says they’ve also picked up new customers who support the boycott. Louisiana Attorney General Jeff Landry even gave the restaurant an American flag that now hangs over the New Orleans Saints schedule that had been posted in the bar.

The state Legislature will take up the tax break question when it reconvenes in March, in the meantime, the issue is also now in the courts. Just last week, a Saints season ticket holder sued the team for a refund, claiming he has been damaged by players using football games as a platform for protest.

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